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Web Hosting: A Historic Perspective |
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Written by Matt Hedges
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Thursday, 07 August 2008 04:51 |
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Many people may not be remember life without the internet but it was only back in 1990 when web hosting came to life as this was when Tim Berners Lee developed the initial program for the web. This was followed by a variety of programs and soon companies were developing web hosting services of their own and this has created the modern environment where there is a huge level of growth in hosting web sites. Web hosting may seem like a familiar term but before 1991, this term was unheard of, which means so was the internet. If you would like to study the growth of the internet, a great place for research is the internet itself which shows you how far it has developed. Recent decades has seen an explosion in technological advances and after the radio and television products, the internet is probably the next biggest. Bear in mind there are over 50 million websites on the internet and think what you would look at if you didn't have websites to view.
by MattHedges
Many people may not be remember life without the internet but it was only back in 1990 when web hosting came to life as this was when Tim Berners Lee developed the initial program for the web. This was followed by a variety of programs and soon companies were developing web hosting services of their own and this has created the modern environment where there is a huge level of growth in hosting web sites. Web hosting may seem like a familiar term but before 1991, this term was unheard of, which means so was the internet. If you would like to study the growth of the internet, a great place for research is the internet itself which shows you how far it has developed. Recent decades has seen an explosion in technological advances and after the radio and television products, the internet is probably the next biggest. Bear in mind there are over 50 million websites on the internet and think what you would look at if you didn't have websites to view.
The Erstwhile Web Hosting Period
It was back in August of 1962 when J.C.R. Licklider of MIT introduced the ideas that went onto form the internet. Licklider created a lot of articles regarding the future and one of his main topics was about the Galactic Network which was based on millions of computers linked to each other providing information of many people to benefit from. The next step for Licklider was to take a trip to the Advanced Research Project Agency [ARPA] which was the computer science project offered at MIT. When there, Licklider attempted to wow and detail the benefits that would come from networking and linking computers together.
An interesting point to mention here is that the militants developed the ARPA at the same time as they developed NASA, in order to find a manner in which the United States could make pace to catch up with USSR in the space arena after launching Sputnik, an artificial Russian satellite. Computer networking initially meant packet switching, based on the concept that it would be possible to send data through telephone lines as small packages rather than using the solid lines of circuit. In this manner, the connections would be used only when information was traveling through it, which would free up space on the system for the computer to perform more activities. Later on, while working on a project for allowing the telecommunication system to even survive a nuclear war, Paul Baran would come up with the Hot Potato networking design, which would lay the base for what would come to be known as the internet.
The next step was to enable the computers to communicate with each other. 1991 was a landmark year for the foundation of internet. The internet was an entity already, for sure, but a stage was set for the internet to get bigger. It began when the NSF [National Science Foundation] decided that it was high time the commercial restrictions on the web were lifted. This opened up a world of possibilities for the internet. It gave birth to E-Commerce, and brought with it many companies who foresaw that web hosting will be a booming industry in the years to come. Late in 1991, people at CERN introduced WWW [World Wide Web] to the world, which incorporated the HTML [Hyper Text Markup Language], developed by Tim Berner Lee, which used specifications for the website URL [Uniform Resource Locator]. Besides providing the world a host of abbreviations for various terms, it became the most common standard for location of website addresses.
Although its early use may have been mainly benefited by computer and technologically minded people, the internet was soon to spread to the general public, greatly assisted by its simplistic methods. Of course, as the internet grew, complexities followed but it was offering many new benefits and the business world was not slow in predicting a positive future nor was it slow in cashing in on it.
Web hosting was pretty expensive in the earlier days, but now it is quite reasonable, though a bit complex for a common man to decipher. The beginning saw big companies renting space on their server, and this has become a business now. The number of companies offering web hosting services is equal to the number of companies providing access to the internet. The internet has evolved with the evolution in computers. The way business is conducted has seen a drastic change with the introduction of computers and web hosting facilities.
Statistics claim that today there are 35,000+ businesses which host 100+ websites on their server. Due to the increase in competition, the industry is seeing a huge growth. In fact, as you read this, 100's of companies have already been added to the list. The first program for the WWW was of a hypertext editor which was executed in the NeXT machine. A line mode browser was used at that point of time, designed by Nicola Pellow, a student. The server published the specifications of HTTP, UDI and HTML in order to facilitate discussion by people who research on the given topic. For accessing the internet, browsers like Cello, Mosaic, etc. were introduced to enable clients to work on machines other than NeXT. 1994 marked the beginning of the World Wide Consortium, which is a landmark event where companies formed together to create common protocols for the Web, and then began a world of the web.
Earlier versions had seen the use of a number of TCP/IP features which allowed users to network but at the time, it was not known what the potential for this setup was going to be. Recent IETF meetings have viewed these TCP/IET protocols with more praise and acceptance than previously and have acknowledged the advances since then. To enable this expansion, tools were needed and how best to enable this was the basis for much debate. As networking was a key issue, products to enable this were developed and this allowed users to be able to connect to the internet. At the time, this was the edge of what commercial possibilities stretched to but as more people got online in huge numbers, it was vital for people to have this service and the internet easily captured the interest of many ordinary people. The advances made by the internet were down to huge technological improvements.
This can be seen in the way that many IT organizations such as Microsystems, Sun, Microsoft or IBM have moved into the internet market with an array of products, tools and other items to assist the development of the internet and web applications. There has been a development in the way that web servers are providing access to customers and the web pages that they need to visit, in addition to a large range of additional services and features.
The hardware manufacturers have also built power servers to catalyze the growth of the industry of web hosting. There has been a phenomenal change in how the internet is used. It has undergone a drastic change from the PC's [Personal Computers] to the client server to the P2P [Peer to Peer] network. Various features that have been made possible by the internet include sharing of data and information, emailing, remote logging and a host of other features. You name it, you have it! However, keep in mind that this transformation is still in progress. Internet television and internet telephony are other features which have been developed of late. It will be very difficult to say to what level the internet will have reached after, say, a decade!
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